Sodium Tripolyphosphate (Food Gra) the nature and indications

Properties: Sodium Tripolyphosphate (Food Gra), also known as trisodium phosphate. Significant twelve hydrate and anhydrate. Anhydrous as white crystals. Density 2.536g/cm3. Melting point 1340 ℃. Twelve monohydrate is a colorless cubic crystal or white powder. Density 1.62g/cm3. Melting point 73.3 ℃. 76.7 ℃ decomposition. Heated to 100 ℃ 12 crystal water loss from anhydrous. In dry air easily weathered. Are soluble in water, solubility in 20 °-120g / L; 30 degrees-163g / L. Its solution is strongly alkaline. Not soluble in carbon disulfide and ethanol. Of phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate and the reaction solution, control the pH value of 8 to 8.4, after the filtered cake residue, the filtrate was concentrated, so that the liquid caustic soda Na / P ratio of 3.24 to 3.26, and then by cooling and crystallization, solid separated, dried and prepared. Anhydrous sodium phosphate dodecahydrate based crystals were dissolved in the heated to 85 ~ 90 ℃ of water (10% to 15%), after dehydration in the system. Can be used as soft water and detergents, boiler scale inhibitor, the fixing toner printing, silk fabric enhancer, metal corrosion inhibitor and metal rust inhibitors, enamel flux and the production of bleaching agents, the system the rawhide leather degreasing agent and degumming agents. Food grade phosphate dodecahydrate emulsifiers used in food processing, quality improver, nutritional supplements, and food with a bottle (tank) of the detergent.
Indications: polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, as well as to identify the nature of superficial tumors, but also for neurodermatitis, chronic eczema, capillary tumors, keloids, winging pterygium, corneal neovascularization, plasma cell tumors of the applicator treatment.


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A brief history of the discovery of Sulphur

Sulfur (Sulphur) is a non-metallic element, chemical symbol is S, atomic number is 16. Sulfur Sulphur is a very common nonmetallic tasteless, pure sulfur is yellow crystals, also known as sulfur. In nature it is often in the form of sulfide or sulfate, pure sulfur in volcanic areas are also appearing in nature. It is an integral part of many amino acids. Mainly used in fertilizers, gunpowder, lubricants, pesticides and the production of anti-fungal agents. Generating combustion of sulfur dioxide in the air with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid, causing acid rain.
Around 4,000 years ago, the Egyptians would have been formed by the combustion of sulfur dioxide to bleach cloth, the ancient Greeks and Romans also be proficient in the use of sulfur dioxide fumigation and bleaching. The ninth century BC, the Roman poet Homer in his writings about the sulfur burning when disinfecting and bleaching effect.
In ancient China, the first pharmaceutical monograph "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" [1], contained in the animals, plants and minerals up to 365 kinds of medicines, contained 46 kinds of minerals in drugs, there are stone sulfur (ie sulfur). In this book there is also pointed out: "Stone sulfur can turn Yellow Gold iron, strange things." This shows that the sulfur was already known to work with copper, iron and other metals to form metal sulfides directly. World's oldest extant writings alchemy - Wei Boyang of the "Kinship" [2], but also chronicles the sulfur and volatile mercury can be less volatile mercury sulfide synthesis. Chinese study for gunpowder, probably began in the seventh century AD. Then black gunpowder gunpowder, which is composed of potassium nitrate, sulfur and charcoal composed of three. Sulfur is an important component of black powder was.
With the 1746 British J.Roebuck lead chamber method invented in 1777 manufacture of sulfuric acid and sulfur by the French ALLavoisier recognized as an element, the sulfur will enter the gates of modern chemistry. After this time, the sulfur is fast becoming the modern chemical industry and the modern chemical industry is closely related to one of the most important elements. Latin name Surphur estimates of sulfur from India Sanskrit Sulvere, the original meaning is bright yellow.


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Zinc Oxide 99.7% of the usage history

Zinc oxide (ZnO), commonly known as zinc white, a zinc oxide. Insoluble in water, soluble in acid and alkali. Zinc oxide is a commonly used chemical additives, is widely used in plastics, silicate products, synthetic rubber, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesives, food, batteries, flame retardants and other products production. Zinc oxide bandgap and a large exciton binding energy, high transparency, excellent performance often Wen Faguang in the semiconductor field of liquid crystal display, thin film transistors, light emitting diodes and other products are applied. Furthermore, zinc oxide fine particles as a nano-material in the relevant fields have begun to play a role.
Using History
Early humans learned to use it as a paint or zinc oxide topical medicine, but the history of mankind discovered zinc oxide has been difficult to trace.
In ancient Indian medicine book "Chakra The collection" describes a zinc oxide after being identified as a drug, used to treat eye diseases and injuries. 1st century AD Greek physician Dioscorides Clerides also mentioned to do with zinc oxide ointment. Avicenna completed in 1025, "Hui prescription" will be described as zinc oxide to treat various skin disorders, including skin cancer drug of choice. Nowadays, people are no longer using zinc oxide cure skin cancer, it is still widely used to treat other common skin disorders.
Romans as early as 200 BC, they learn how to use copper and zinc ore containing zinc oxide reaction produced brass. Zinc oxide zinc in the shaft furnace turned into steam, rolled into the flue react. Dioscorides Clerides also been introduced to this.
12th century onwards, the Indians know the zinc and zinc, and began using zinc smelting original way. Zinc smelting technology was introduced to China in the 17th century. 1743, Bristol, England, established the first European zinc smelting factory.
Another major use of zinc oxide is used as a coating, known as zinc white. In 1834, zinc white first became watercolor paints, but zinc white insoluble oil. But soon the problem of zinc oxide produced by the new process solutions. In 1845, in Paris, Leclerc began mass production of zinc white oil paint, to 1850, zinc white became popular throughout Europe. High purity zinc white, so that in the 19th century, some artists in painting painted zinc white as a background, however, after a hundred years later, these paintings are showing cracks.
In the latter half of the 20th century, zinc oxide is used in the rubber industry. In the 1970s, the second largest use of zinc oxide is copy paper additives, but in the 21st century, zinc oxide additive approach for copy paper has been eliminated.

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Shipbuilding Plate Background and uses

Shipbuilding Plate refers to special structural steel shipbuilding production for the manufacture of the ocean, coastal and inland navigation ship hull structure steel sheets and thick steel plate.

Background:
Since 2011, the international shipping market downturn, shipbuilding overcapacity, resulting in the shipbuilding industry has entered a "winter period."
Experts pointed out that the international financial crisis, the impact of lag, shipbuilding real crisis has only just arrived, the current new orders declined significantly impact the next three years will be gradually upgraded. Authoritative data show that the first three quarters of last year, about 30% of the national shipyard did not receive new orders and new ship prices than last year before the financial crisis Heavy 30% -40%. Let shrinking shipbuilding shipbuilding plate market also suffered a weakness.

Purpose:
Shipbuilding plate is mainly used for domestic shipbuilding industry. Shipbuilding plate by different rolling equipment production, China's shipbuilding plate production with the development of shipbuilding industry composition is also changing, due to the different properties of the products rolling equipment there is a difference, shipbuilding plate prices are not the same, and in a certain market supply and demand environment more clearly reflected.


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Tool Steel (51-100) in a carbon tool steel

Tool Steel (Tool Steel (51-100)), is used to manufacture cutting tools, measuring tools, dies and wear-resistant tool steel. Tool steel with high hardness and high temperature can maintain high hardness and red hardness, and high wear resistance and appropriate toughness. Tool steel is generally divided into carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel and high speed tool steel.
Carbon tool steel carbon mass fraction is higher, at 0.65-1.35%, and their organizations are hypoeutectoid, or eutectoid eutectoid steel. Carbon tool steel heat treated to receive a higher surface hardness and wear resistance, the center has good toughness; annealed low hardness (less than HB207), good processing properties. But its red hardness difference, when the working temperature up to 250 ℃, the hardness and wear resistance of a sharp decline, down to HRC60 hardness below the hardenability of these steels is low. Larger tools can not hardenability (water quenching diameter of 15mm), water quenched when the center of the surface hardened layer with hardness vary greatly. Makes the tool easy to produce deformation during quenching. Or the formation of cracks addition, the quenching temperature range is narrow, the quenching temperature should be strictly controlled. Prevent overheating, decarburization and deformation.



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What is Flourspar Powder？

Flourspar Powder halide minerals. The main components of calcium fluoride of the formula CaF2. In the ultraviolet ray irradiation or a cathode, blue green fluorescence. Sometimes yttrium and cerium rare earth elements. Equiaxed crystal, crystal often cube, octahedron, rhombic dodecahedron and so on. Collection of dense granular or lumpy. Often has green, blue or purple, or colorless and transparent. Vitreous luster, Mohs hardness 4, a completely octahedral cleavage. Specific gravity 3.18. Mainly in hydrothermal veins. Often associated with sphalerite, galena symbiosis. Colorless fluorite in granitic pegmatite veins or fluorite crystal cave. Preparation of hydrofluoric acid is the main raw material, also used as enamel, glass, cement manufacturing ingredients and metallurgical industry flux, and as a rocket fuel catalyst. Colorless, transparent optical lens can be made by. China is the largest country in the world fluorspar production, the main origin of Zhejiang, Hunan and Fujian. The world's major origin of South Africa, Mongolia, the United States, Russia, Thailand and Spain.

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What is Fluorspar Lumps?

Fluorite is the industry's main source of fluorine, which is widely used in aerospace, refrigeration, pharmaceuticals, corrosion, fire, electrical, mechanical, and nuclear and other fields. Fluorite resource-rich country, many deposits, reserves, production and export volume ranking first in the world.
Fluorite, also known as fluorspar（Fluorspar Lumps）, is the industry's main source of fluorine, the world's 20 several important non-metallic mineral raw materials. Pure colorless fluorite can be used as an optical material, beautiful color fluorite gem stone and also as arts and crafts carving raw materials. Fluorite is fluorine chemical industry's basic raw materials, its products are widely used in aerospace, aviation, refrigeration, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, anti-corrosion, fire, electronics, electrical, mechanical and nuclear and other fields. With the continuous development of technology and the economy, fluorite has become an important modern industrial mineral raw materials, many developed countries regard it as an important strategic material for reserves. Chinese fluorite resource-rich, widely distributed, many deposit types, resources, reserves, production and export volume ranking first in the world. Ancient Indians found that there is a small hill on the Cobra particularly large, they are always wandering around in a big rock. One of the natural phenomena cause people to explore the mysteries of interest. Originally, when night fell, where the big stone slightly blue light flashes, and many insects have phototaxis stone would have come to light over the flying frog jumped out to competing predator insects, hiding not far from the Cobra have also come predation frog. Thus, the people of this stone is called "Snake Eyes Stone." Later learned that Snake Eyes is fluorite stone.
The ingredient is calcium fluoride fluorite, also known as fluorspar, Fei stone, because it contains a variety of rare elements and often has purple, green, light blue, colorless and transparent fluorite rare and precious. There are crystal cube, octahedron or rhombic dodecahedron. If put into the ultraviolet fluorescent fluorite according to a photo, it will issue a beautiful fluorescence.
The use of fluorite and its processed products have been involved in more than 30 industrial sectors. Fluorite added steel refining, can improve the melt fluidity of sulfur and phosphorus to remove harmful impurities.
Half of the world for the manufacture of fluorite production of hydrofluoric acid, the development of manufacturing Cryolite for aluminum smelting industry. The fridge coolant (Freon) to use fluorite; 1986, China's first generation of artificial blood should be used fluorite. Scientists are developing fluoride glass optical fiber communication may produce a new material that can pass through 20,000 kilometers wide in the Pacific instead of being re-issued station.
Production throughout the world. Fluorite Fluorite, also known as fluorspar, chemical composition of CaF2, crystals are equiaxed halide minerals. In the ultraviolet ray irradiation or heating the cathode when the blue or violet fluorescence, and hence the name. Crystal appearing cube, octahedron, or cube interspersed twins, collection of granular or lumpy. Light green, purple or colorless, transparent, sometimes red roses, white streak, vitreous luster, transparent to opaque. Octahedral cleavage completely. Mohs hardness is 4, the proportion of 3.18. Fluorite is mainly produced in hydrothermal veins. Colorless fluorite crystals in granitic pegmatite veins or fluorite crystal cave. World's total reserves of about 1 billion tons of fluorite, China is the world's one of the largest mineral fluorite, and accounted for 35% of world reserves, according to archaeological excavations that, seven thousand years ago, Zhejiang Yuyao Hemudu people, has selected the firefly stone as decorations. Hemudu fluorite mine south indeed exist. Mainly in Zhejiang, Hunan, Fujian and other places. World's other major origin of South Africa, Mexico, Mongolia, Russia, the USA, Thailand, Spain and other places. Fluorite flux used in the metallurgical industry, in the chemical industry raw material for the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid.


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